HANTEK HRDO4254C (01) PDF Document

To ensure safe operation of your HANTEK HRDO4254C, please adhere to the following safety precautions:

Use the right power cable: Only use the power cable approved for the country in which the product is used.

Connect and disconnect correctly: Before connecting a probe to a circuit, connect the probe to the oscilloscope first. Before disconnecting the probe from the oscilloscope, disconnect the probe from the circuit under test first.

Ground the product: The product is grounded through the grounding conductor of the power cable to prevent electric shock. Ensure the product is properly grounded before connecting any input or output terminals.

Connect the probe properly: The ground wire of the probe is at ground potential. Do not connect the ground wire to high voltage.

View all terminal rating values: To avoid fire or excessive current, check all rating values and signs on the product before connecting.

Do not operate with the cover open: Do not run the product with its cover or panel open.

Avoid circuit exposure: Do not touch exposed connectors and components when the power is switched on.

Do not operate if suspected to be faulty: If you suspect the product is damaged, have it inspected by qualified maintenance personnel.

Maintain proper ventilation: Ensure the air intake and exhaust areas are free from obstructions. Provide at least 10 cm of clearance around the instrument.

Operating Environment: Do not operate in a humid, inflammable, or explosive environment. Keep the product surface clean and dry.

Care:

Do not expose the LCD to direct sunlight for a long time when storing or placing the oscilloscope.

Cleaning:

To clean the outer surface of your HANTEK HRDO4254C and its probes, follow these steps:

1. Use a lint-free cloth to remove dust from the outside of the oscilloscope and probe. Be careful not to scratch the display filter.

2. Clean the oscilloscope with a soft cloth soaked in water. For a more thorough cleaning, you can use an aqueous solution of 75% isopropyl alcohol.

Note: To avoid damaging the surface of the oscilloscope or probe, do not use any corrosive or chemical cleaning reagents.

Warning: Before powering on the device again, ensure it is completely dry to prevent electrical short circuits or personal injury from moisture.

The HANTEK HRDO4254C oscilloscope offers a range of high-performance features for efficient and accurate testing:

• 12bit vertical resolution, up to 10GSa/s sampling rate, maximum 3GHz bandwidth.

• 8 independent instruments in one: 4-Channel oscilloscope, 16-channel logic analyzer, spectrum analyzer, 2-Channel arbitrary wave generator, digital voltmeter, frequency meter and accumulator, protocol analyzer, and protocol generator.

• Built-in dual channel 200MHz signal source with ±7V voltage output and 1GSa/s sampling rate.

• 10.1 inch multi-touch capacitive screen with 256-level waveform gray scale and color temperature display.

• Rich serial protocol triggering and decoding functions.

• Waveform capture rate higher than 1.1 million waveforms per second.

• Up to 51 kinds of waveform parameters are automatically measured.

• Multiple data analysis and processing functions, including independent search, navigation buttons, event lists, histograms, Bode plots, power analysis, and frequency meters.

The HANTEK HRDO4000 series includes various models with different specifications. This manual uses the HRDO4204E as an example, but the series includes the following:

After receiving your HANTEK HRDO4254C, follow these steps to check the instrument:

1. Check the shipping package: Inspect for any damage caused by transportation. If the packaging cartons or protective foam pads are seriously damaged, keep them until the machine and accessories pass electrical and mechanical testing.

2. Check the accessories: Verify that all accessories listed in Appendix A of the user manual are present and undamaged.

3. Check the machine: If you find the instrument is damaged, not working properly, or fails its performance test, contact the dealer responsible for the business.

Follow these steps for initial setup and function inspection:

1. Adjust Supporting Legs: Adjust the bracket at the bottom of the machine to tilt the oscilloscope slightly upwards for better observation and operation.

2. Connect to AC Power: Use the provided power cord to connect the oscilloscope to a power supply. The required AC power supply is 47-440Hz, 90-264VAC / 127-320VDC, 80Watts MAX. Ensure the instrument is correctly grounded.

3. Turn-on Checkout: Press the power button on the lower left corner of the front panel. The oscilloscope will perform self-checks, and the startup screen will appear upon completion.

4. Function Inspection:

• Click on [Default Setup] to restore the oscilloscope to factory settings.

• Connect the grounding crocodile clamp of the probe to the grounding terminal.

• Connect the probe to the input terminal of channel 1 and the compensation signal output terminal.

• Set the probe attenuation ratio to X10 and click [Auto Scale].

• Observe the waveform to see if a square wave signal is displayed normally.

• Repeat the check for channels CH2-CH4.

When connecting a probe to any input channel for the first time, you must perform this adjustment to match the probe with the input channel. Uncompensated probes can lead to measurement errors.

1. Perform the first four steps of the “Function Inspection” procedure (connect the probe to the compensation signal output).

2. Compare the displayed waveform with the following conditions:

• Perfectly compensated: The waveform is a flat-topped square wave.

• Over compensated: The top of the square wave has a peak or overshoot.

• Under compensated: The top of the square wave is rounded or sloped.

3. If necessary, use a non-metallic screwdriver to adjust the variable capacitance on the probe until the waveform on the screen is “Perfectly compensated”. Repeat this step if needed.

The HANTEK HRDO4254C features a 10.1-inch capacitive touch screen supporting several gestures:

1. Tap:

Tap a menu or function on the screen with one finger to operate menus, use the pop-up numeric or virtual keyboard, close pop-up boxes, and operate other windows.

2. Drag:

After holding down a target, drag it to the desired position. This can be used to drag a waveform to change its displacement or offset, or drag a window to change its position.

3. Pinch & Stretch:

Bring two fingers together (pinch) or move them apart (stretch) on the screen to amplify or reduce the waveform. Vertical pinching adjusts the vertical gear, while horizontal pinching adjusts the horizontal gear.

4. Rectangle Drawing:

Click on the [Hantek] logo, then click on AreaSel to switch to rectangular drawing mode. Drag your finger on the screen to draw a rectangle. A menu will appear allowing you to select functions like “Histogram”, “Enlarge Level” (horizontal zoom), “Enlarge Vertical” (vertical zoom), or “Enlarge Waveform” (both horizontal and vertical zoom).

You can set parameters on your HANTEK HRDO4254C using two methods:

1. Multi-functional Knob (V0): For parameters on a menu, rotate the V0 knob in the button area to select parameter items or modify their values.

2. Numeric Keypad (Touch Screen):

• After clicking on a parameter in a menu, a numeric keypad will pop up on the screen.

• Use the touch screen to enter numerical values and select units. After entry, the keypad will automatically close.

• The keypad also allows you to delete entered values, set parameters to maximum/minimum/default values, and clear the input box.

3. Menu Label Buttons: For some parameters, you can click the menu label button directly to switch between settings.

To Enable an Analog Channel (e.g., CH1):

• Press the [CH1] button on the front panel. The light on the corresponding channel knob will light up.

• Alternatively, click on the channel status label (e.g., “1”) at the bottom of the screen. The label will light up.

To Disable an Analog Channel (e.g., CH1):

• If the CH1 channel is already open and selected, press the [CH1] button once to close it.

• If CH1 is open but not the currently selected channel, press [CH1] once to select it, then press it again to close it.

• Use the touch screen to click on the number on the channel menu at the bottom of the screen to close the channel.

You can adjust several vertical parameters for each channel on your HANTEK HRDO4254C:

• Vertical Scale (V/div): Rotate the vertical gear knob for the channel to increase or decrease the waveform’s display amplitude. You can also click the channel menu and set the scale via the on-screen pop-up.

• Vertical Offset: Rotate the vertical offset knob for the channel to move the waveform up or down. Pressing the knob resets the offset to zero. You can also set this via the on-screen menu.

• Channel Coupling: Open the vertical menu for the channel and click “Coupling”. You can select DC (passes both AC and DC components), AC (blocks DC component), or GND (blocks both AC and DC components).

• Bandwidth Limit: Open the vertical menu and click “BW Limit”. You can choose to turn it off or limit the bandwidth to 20M, 100M, 200M, or 350M to reduce noise.

• Probe Ratio: Open the vertical menu and click “Attenuation” to set the probe ratio to match the probe you are using (e.g., 1X, 10X). The range is 0.01X to 50000X.

• Input Impedance: Open the vertical menu and click “Impedance”. Select between 1M Ω (high impedance) or 50 Ω (for matching with 50 Ω sources).

• Waveform Invert: Open the vertical menu and toggle the “Invert” switch to display the waveform’s voltage value inverted.

You can control the horizontal display of waveforms using the following settings:

1. Adjust the Horizontal Position:

• Rotate the horizontal position knob to move the waveform trigger points left or right relative to the center of the screen. Pressing the knob resets the position to zero.

• You can also click the horizontal displacement label at the top of the screen (e.g., “0.00s”) to set the value directly.

2. Adjust the Horizontal Time Base (s/div):

• Rotate the horizontal time base knob to expand (decrease s/div) or compress (increase s/div) the waveform horizontally. The adjustable range is 500ps/div to 1000s/div.

• You can also click the horizontal time base label at the top of the screen (e.g., “1us”) to set the value directly or use the pinch gesture on the touch screen.

3. Use Delayed Sweep (Zoom):

• Click the [Zoom] button to horizontally amplify a section of the waveform for detailed viewing. The screen will split into two areas: the top showing the original waveform and the bottom showing the zoomed-in portion.

• You can adjust the horizontal position knob to move the zoom window and the horizontal time base knob to change the zoom factor.

Press the [Acquire] button to enter the sample system settings menu. Here you can configure the following:

1. Timebase Mode:

• YT Mode: The standard mode where the Y-axis is voltage and the X-axis is time.

• XY Mode: Displays a Lissajous pattern where both X and Y axes represent voltage levels from two different channels, useful for measuring phase differences.

• ROLL Mode: For slow signals (50ms/div or slower), the waveform scrolls from right to left across the screen.

2. Acquisition Mode:

• Normal: Samples the signal at equal time intervals; best for most waveforms.

• Average: Averages multiple sampled waveforms to reduce random noise and improve vertical resolution. You can set the number of averages from 2 to 1024.

• Peak: Collects the maximum and minimum values in each sampling interval to capture the signal envelope and avoid aliasing on narrow pulses.

• High Resolution: Averages adjacent points of a single sampled waveform to reduce random noise and produce a smoother display.

3. Memory Depth:

• Set the number of waveform points the oscilloscope can store in a single acquisition. A higher memory depth allows for a higher sample rate at slower time base settings. Options vary based on the number of active channels.

A correct trigger setup is essential for a stable waveform display. You can access the trigger menu by pressing the [Trig Menu] button or clicking the trigger tab at the top of the screen. Key trigger settings include:

1. Trigger Type:

Press [Trig Menu] -> Type to select from numerous trigger types, including:

• Edge: Triggers on a rising, falling, or either edge of the signal crossing a specific voltage level.

• Pulse: Triggers on positive or negative pulses of a specified width.

• Video: Triggers on specific lines or fields of standard analog video signals (NTSC, PAL).

• Slope: Triggers on the signal’s transition time between two voltage levels.

• Other advanced triggers: Overtime, Window, Runt, Logic, Delay, Setup/Hold, and various serial bus triggers (UART, I2C, SPI, CAN, LIN).

2. Trigger Source:

Select which signal the oscilloscope will monitor for the trigger condition. Options include any of the analog channels (CH1-CH4), the external trigger input (EXT), or digital channels (D0-D15).

3. Trigger Level:

Rotate the Trigger knob to set the voltage level the signal must cross to cause a trigger. The trigger level is indicated by an arrow on the screen.

4. Trigger Mode:

Press the Mode button in the Trigger section to cycle through:

• Auto: The oscilloscope will trigger if a valid condition occurs, but will force a trigger after a certain time if no valid condition is found, ensuring the waveform is always visible (though it may be unstable).

• Normal: The oscilloscope only updates the display when a valid trigger condition occurs. If no trigger occurs, the display remains unchanged.

• Single: The oscilloscope waits for a single trigger event, captures the waveform, and then stops acquiring.

5. Trigger Holdoff:

Set a specific time period after a trigger during which the oscilloscope will not accept another trigger. This is useful for stabilizing the display of complex or periodic waveforms with multiple valid trigger points within a single period.

Press the [Math] button to enter the mathematical operation menu. The HANTEK HRDO4254C supports several types of operations:

1. Arithmetic Operations:

• Select “Operator” and choose from Addition (A+B), Subtraction (A-B), Multiplication (A*B), or Division (A/B).

• Select Source A and Source B from the available channels (CH1-CH4) or reference waveforms.

2. FFT (Fast Fourier Transform):

• This operation converts a time-domain signal into its frequency-domain components.

• In the FFT menu, you can select the source channel, set the frequency range (span/center or start/end), choose a windowing function (Rectangular, Hanning, etc.), and use Peak Search to identify frequency peaks.

3. Logic Operations:

• Perform bitwise logical operations on waveforms: A&&B (AND), A||B (OR), A^B (XOR), !A (NOT).

• For each source channel, you must set a voltage threshold to define the logical high (“1”) and low (“0”) levels.

4. Function Operations:

• Apply a function to a single source waveform. Functions include Intg (Integrate), Diff (Differentiate), Sqrt (Square Root), Lg (Base-10 Logarithm), Ln (Natural Logarithm), Exp (Exponent), and Abs (Absolute Value).

5. Digital Filtering:

• Apply a LowPass, HighPass, BandPass, or BandStop filter to a source waveform.

6. Expression:

• Combine multiple operators and sources to create more complex mathematical expressions.

The HANTEK HRDO4254C can automatically measure dozens of waveform parameters. Press the [Meas] button to access the measurement menu.

1. Add a Measurement:

• Press [Meas] -> Add. Select a measurement category: Horizontal (time-related), Vertical (voltage-related), or Other (delay/phase).

• Choose a source channel (Source A, and Source B if needed).

• Select the specific parameter to measure from the on-screen list (e.g., Freq, Period, VMax, PkPk).

• The measurement result will appear at the bottom of the screen.

2. All Measure:

• Press [Meas] -> All Measure and select a channel (CH1-CH4).

• The oscilloscope will display a comprehensive list of all available measurements for that channel in a pop-up window.

3. Statistics:

• Press [Meas] -> Statistic to display statistical data for all active measurements, including the current value (Cur), average (Avg), maximum (Max), minimum (Min), and standard deviation (Dev).

4. Cursor Measurement:

• Press the [Cursors] button to activate cursors for manual measurements.

• Manual Mode: Manually position two vertical (X) cursors to measure time and frequency, or two horizontal (Y) cursors to measure voltage. The measurement values (AX, BX, ΔX, AY, BY, ΔY) are displayed in a window.

• Track Mode: The cursors automatically “snap” to the waveform of the selected source, allowing you to read the time and voltage values at specific points on the trace.

Press the [Save/Recall] button to open the save/recall menu. You can save to the oscilloscope’s internal memory or an external USB storage device.

1. Save Image:

• Select “Save Image”.

• Choose a format (*.png, *.bmp, *.jpg, *.tif).

• Enter a file name and choose a save location (internal Disk C or removable USB Disk D).

• Click “Save”.

2. Save Waveform:

• Select “Save Wave”.

• Choose a data source (Screen or Memory) and format (*.bin or *.csv).

• Enter a file name and save.

3. Save Setup:

• Select “Save Setup”.

• The current oscilloscope configuration will be saved to a setup file (*.stp).

• Enter a file name and save.

4. Load Waveform / Load Setup:

• In the [Save/Recall] menu, select “Load Wave” or “Load Setup”.

• Navigate to the desired file on the internal or external memory and select it to load.

5. Disk Management:

• Select “Disk” from the menu to open a file manager. Here you can create new folders, rename, copy, paste, and delete files on both internal and external storage.

The HANTEK HRDO4254C can decode common serial protocols. To set up decoding, press the [Decode] button.

General Setup Steps:

1. Bus Type: In the Decode menu, select the protocol you want to decode (e.g., UART, I2C, SPI, CAN, LIN).

2. Bus Status: Turn the bus decoding On.

3. Source: Assign the physical oscilloscope channels (e.g., CH1, CH2) to the signal lines of the bus (e.g., Tx, Rx, SCL, SDA, CLK, MISO).

4. Threshold: For each assigned channel, set the voltage threshold that the oscilloscope will use to determine a logical high or low state.

5. Protocol Settings: Configure protocol-specific parameters. This varies by bus type:

• UART: Set Baud Rate, Data Bits, Parity, Stop Bits, and Endianness.

• I2C: Assign SCL and SDA lines and specify if the R/W bit is included in the address.

• SPI: Assign CLK, MISO, and MOSI lines, and set the clock slope (polarity).

• LIN: Set Baud Rate and protocol version.

• CAN: Set Baud Rate and Signal type (e.g., CAN_H, CAN_L).

6. Display: Choose the format for the decoded data (Hex, Dec, Bin, ASCII) and open the “Event Table” to view a list of all decoded packets, including data, timestamps, and errors.

The HANTEK HRDO4254C includes an optional built-in arbitrary waveform generator. Press the [G1] or [G2] button in the Wave Gen section to enter the generator settings menu for the respective channel.

1. Output Basic Waveforms:

• Click the “Wave” menu tab and select a basic waveform type: Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, DC, Noise, Sinc, etc.

• Frequency: Set the frequency of the waveform.

• Amplitude: Set the peak-to-peak voltage.

• Offset: Set the DC offset voltage.

• Phase: Set the starting phase (for periodic waves).

• Waveform-specific parameters: Set Duty Cycle (for Square), Symmetry (for Ramp), or Pulse Width/Rise Time/Fall Time (for Pulse).

2. Output Arbitrary Waveforms:

• Select “Arb” from the Wave menu.

• You can load a waveform from an existing channel (“Load from CH”), load a previously saved waveform file (“Load Stored”), or create a new one (“Create”).

• When creating a new waveform, you can define it point by point using the “Edit Points” menu.

3. Modulation:

• Go to the Settings menu to enable modulation. You can choose AM (Amplitude Modulation), FM (Frequency Modulation), or PM (Phase Modulation).

• Configure the modulating waveform (e.g., sine), frequency, and depth/deviation.

4. Burst:

• Go to the Settings menu to enable Burst mode.

• You can set a specific number of cycles to output upon a trigger (“N Cycle”) or a continuous output (“Infinite”).

• Set the trigger source to Internal (for a periodic burst) or Manual.

If the waveform appears as a series of steps or “ladder-like,” it could be due to one of the following reasons:

1. The horizontal time base might be set too slow for the signal being viewed, resulting in too few sample points per period. Try increasing the horizontal time base (i.e., decreasing the time/division value) to increase the sampling resolution.

2. If the display type in the [Display] menu is set to “Vector,” the lines drawn between sample points may cause this effect, especially with a low sampling rate. Try changing the display mode or increasing the time base.

If you have a signal connected but see nothing on the screen, follow these troubleshooting steps:

1. Check that the probe is correctly and securely connected to the BNC input connector of the signal channel.

2. Ensure the channel you are using is turned on. Press the corresponding channel button (e.g., [CH1], [CH2]) so its light is on.

3. Verify that the circuit under test is actually outputting a signal.

4. If it is a DC signal with a large amplitude, you may need to increase the vertical scale (V/div) to bring the trace into view.

5. Press the [Auto Scale] button. This function will automatically detect the signal and adjust the vertical, horizontal, and trigger settings to display a stable waveform.

If the touch screen is not responding, try the following solutions:

1. Check if the touch screen function has been locked. Press the [Touch Lock] key in the button area to enable or disable the touch screen function. The key will be lit if it is locked.

2. Inspect the screen and your fingers for any dirt, grease, or moisture. Clean the screen with a soft, dry cloth if necessary.

3. Check if the oscilloscope is near a strong magnetic field, which can interfere with the touch screen’s operation. If so, move the oscilloscope away from the source of interference.

If your oscilloscope is not recognizing a connected USB flash drive, check the following:

1. Ensure the USB drive itself is functioning properly by testing it on another device, like a computer.

2. Confirm the capacity of the USB flash drive. It is recommended to use a drive that does not exceed 16GB.

3. Verify that the USB drive is formatted with the FAT32 file system. The oscilloscope may not recognize other formats like NTFS or exFAT.

4. Try restarting the oscilloscope and reinserting the USB drive for inspection.