EUTECH INSTRUMENTS T-100 (01) PDF Document

WARNING: Extra care should be taken when unpacking, opening, and handling the calibration standards and sample vials. Surface scratches or finger smudges on the vial surface may cause measurement errors. Handle these items by their caps only.

Four AAA-sized batteries are included in the packaging. Follow these steps for installation:

1. Use a Philips screwdriver to remove the two screws holding the battery cover.

2. Remove the battery cover.

3. Insert the batteries. Follow the diagram inside the cover for correct polarity.

4. Replace the battery cover onto its original position using the two screws removed earlier.

5. The meter is now ready to operate.

NOTE: Dispose of used batteries in accordance with your local regulations.

Each standard vial should be used with the same standard value (0.02, 20.0, 100, or 800 NTU) for the greatest accuracy. Follow the steps below at each change of solution.

1. Ensure there are no scratches or marks on the glass vial. If there are marks that could affect the turbidity measurement, select another vial.

2. Slowly and gently invert the calibration standard plastic bottle five times but do not shake the bottle as air bubbles can affect the reading.

3. Rinse a clean vial with 3-4 mLs of the calibration standard that will be used in this vial. Invert the capped vial 5 times. Uncap and dispose of the rinsate.

4. Repeat the rinsing steps and dispose of the rinsate.

5. Fill the vial with the primary standard solution to the fill line and cap the vial.

6. Clean the exterior of the vial using a lint-free cloth to remove all traces of liquid, dirt or fingerprints. Remove stubborn smudges with alcohol or a non-abrasive glass cleaner, and silicone oil can be used to fill small external scratches on the vial.

7. Repeat Steps 1-6 to prepare the other three standard solutions.

1. From Measurement Mode, press the CAL key. The “CAL” icon will flash on the display.

2. The display will show “CAL 1” and “800 NTU”. Place the 800 NTU standard into the sample well.

3. Press READ/ENTER. The “800 NTU” value will flash for about 10 times.

4. The meter automatically proceeds to the next calibration point, showing “CAL 2” and “100 NTU”. Place the 100 NTU standard into the sample well.

5. Press READ/ENTER. The “100 NTU” value will flash for about 10 times.

6. The meter proceeds to the next point, showing “CAL 3” and “20.0 NTU”. Place the 20.0 NTU standard into the sample well.

7. Press READ/ENTER. The “20.0 NTU” value will flash for about 10 times.

8. The meter proceeds to the final point, showing “CAL 4” and “0.02 NTU”. Place the 0.02 NTU standard into the sample well.

9. Press READ/ENTER. The “0.02 NTU” value will flash for about 10 times.

10. After the final calibration point, the display will show “STbY”, and the meter will return to Measurement Mode.

This feature is useful when there are errors in calibration or when you have new calibration standards.

1. With the meter switched off, press and hold the ▲ key.

2. While holding the ▲ key, switch on the meter using the ON/OFF key. Release the ▲ key when “URST” (User-Reset) appears in the display.

3. The display shows “URST” for about 2 seconds and then shows “No”.

4. Use the ▲ or ▼ key to select “YES”.

YES = To restore meter back to factory calibration values

No = To retain last calibrated values

5. Press the READ/ENTER key to confirm your selection. The meter performs the reset if “YES” is selected.

6. The display flashes “–Rd–” about 10 times, indicating that the meter is returning to measurement mode.

1. Obtain a clean and dry sample vial.

2. Take care to handle the sample vial by the top.

3. Rinse the vial with approximately 10 ml of the sample water, capping the vial with the black screw cap and gently inverting it several times. Discard the used sample and repeat the rinsing procedure two more times.

4. Fill the rinsed vial with the remaining portion (approximately 10 ml) of the grab sample up to the mark indicated in the vial. Cap the vial with the supplied black screw cap.

5. Wipe the vial with the soft, lint-free cloth supplied. Ensure that the outside of the vial is dry, clean and free from smudges.

6. Apply a thin film of silicone oil (supplied) on the sample vial.

7. Wipe with a soft cloth to obtain an even distribution over the entire vial’s surface.

NOTES:

• The purpose of oiling the vial is to fill small scratches and to mask imperfections in the glass.

• Do not apply a large quantity of oil as this may collect dirt and dust.

8. The sample vial is now ready to be inserted into the sample well of the meter for measurement.

1. Place the EUTECH INSTRUMENTS T-100 turbidimeter on a flat and level surface.

2. Place the prepared sample vial inside the sample well and align the vial’s index mark with the meter’s index mark.

3. Push the vial until it is fully snapped in.

4. Cover the vial with the light shield cap.

5. Turn on the meter by pressing the ON/OFF key.

6. After the power-up sequence, the meter goes to measurement mode and the display blinks “–Rd–” for about 10 times.

7. The measured reading appears in the display.

8. If necessary, place the second sample vial into the sample well. Remember to align the vial’s mark with the meter’s index mark.

9. Press the READ/ENTER key. The display blinks “–Rd–” for several times and the measured reading appears.

10. Repeat steps 8 through 9 for all of your samples.

IMPORTANT: Place the meter on a flat and level surface. DO NOT hold it in your hands while operating the meter. It may lead to inaccurate readings.

1. Make sure the meter is sitting on a flat and level surface and is in measurement mode. The display shows the last measured value or “STbY” after exiting calibration mode.

2. Place the sample vial in the sample well.

3. Cover the vial with the light shield cap.

4. Press the READ/ENTER key and release it immediately (in less than 0.3 seconds).

5. The display blinks “–Rd–” for about 10 times and then displays the measured value.

Continuous measurement is primarily used for indexing vials.

1. Make sure the meter is sitting on a flat and level surface and is in measurement mode. The display shows the last measured value or “STbY”.

2. Place the sample vial in the sample well.

3. Press and hold the READ/ENTER key.

4. Wait for the reading to stabilize before rotating the sample vial. The display is updated every 2 seconds.

NOTE: The displayed reading during continuous measurement may not be the actual turbidity value. For accurate measurement, use the single-shot measurement method.

5. Once you release the READ/ENTER key, the meter automatically performs a single-shot measurement.

* If an error message appears, take the appropriate corrective action and re-do the desired procedure. If the problem persists, contact your dealer.

Proper measurement requires a vial that is free of marks, smudges, scratches, and any bacterial growth.

Handling:

Sample vials should always be handled from the top or by the cap to avoid fingerprints or smudges. After a vial has been filled and capped, wipe the outside surface with a clean, lint-free absorbent cloth until it is dry.

Cleaning:

Clean the vial by washing the interior and exterior in a detergent solution. After cleaning, rinse the vial thoroughly 8 to 10 times with clean distilled water to eliminate detergent buildup and streaking. You may also use a typical glass cleaner with a lint-free cloth or tissue to clean the outside of the vials.

Maintenance:

Vials can be periodically acid-washed and coated with a special silicone oil to fill small scratches and mask imperfections. Apply only a small amount of oil and remove the excess with a lint-free cloth. The result should be a dry-appearing surface with all imperfections filled.

Storage:

Store cleaned and dried vials with the black caps on, preferably in the carrying case.

Condensation:

If condensation appears on a vial due to a cold sample and high humidity, you can alleviate the problem by either coating the vial with an anti-fogging agent or by running warm water over the vial for a short period to warm the sample before measurement.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) recommends indexing vials used for turbidimeter calibration or sample measurement to improve accuracy.

1. To index a sample vial, slowly rotate the vial throughout one complete revolution (360°).

2. While rotating the sample vial, observe the display and locate the position that provides the lowest turbidity reading. This position is the indexed position of the vial.

3. Mark this position on the vial (not on the cap) to align with the mark on the meter.

4. After indexing a vial, make sure the vial will always be placed inside the sample well in the indexed position.

Maintain sample vials in good condition: Vials must be meticulously clean and free from significant scratches. Treat the outside with a thin coat of silicone oil to mask minor imperfections. Handle vials only by the top.

Match Sample Vials: For best accuracy, use a single, indexed vial. For convenience, you can match multiple vials by filling them with ultra-low turbidity water, indexing each to find its lowest reading point, and selecting vials that give identical readings.

Degassing: Remove trapped air or gases from the sample before measurement. Common methods include:

• Addition of a surfactant: Lowers the surface tension of the water to release trapped gases.

• Application of a partial vacuum: Can be created using a simple syringe or vacuum pump (recommended only for ultra-low turbidity measurement).

• Use of an ultrasonic bath: May be effective for viscous samples but is not recommended for ultra-low measurements.

Timeliness of Sample: Measure samples immediately to prevent changes in particle characteristics due to temperature and settling. Take samples only when the turbidimeter is ready to be operated.

Sampling Techniques:

1. Do not violently shake or agitate samples, as particles can break apart or air can become entrapped. Gentle swirling is advisable.

2. Use sample vials only with the instruments for which they were intended. Do not mix and match.

3. Visually observe the sample vial each time. Ensure there are no visible bubbles and the vial is clean and free of scratches.

4. Samples entering the turbidimeter should be at the same temperature as the process flow samples to avoid precipitation of soluble compounds.

5. Evaluate sample vials weekly with low turbidity water (after cleaning) to determine if they remain matched. If a vial is corrupted, discard it.

6. If in doubt about whether a sample vial is too scratched or stained, throw it away.

Calibration Techniques:

1. Do not open the vials with calibration standards.

2. Check that the standards have not expired.

3. Make sure the calibration vials are free of dust, smudges, and scratches before use.

4. Conduct the calibration in the same manner each time. Variations in procedure can yield inaccurate measurements.

5. It is very important that the user(s) who perform calibration have been trained to do so. Creating a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) can help ensure accuracy.

When the turbidity measurement is above 1000 NTU, you must dilute the sample.

1. To measure turbidity above 1000 NTU, dilute the sample with turbidity-free water.

2. Turbidity-free water can be obtained by filtering deionized water through a < 0.2µm filter membrane with precision-sized pores.

3. Measure the volume of the sample before dilution and record the value in ml (Vs).

4. Take a known volume (Vd) of dilution water and add it to the sample.

5. Pour 10 ml of the diluted sample in a clean vial and measure the turbidity of the diluted sample. Record this value in NTU (Td).

6. Calculate the true turbidity (T) of the original sample in NTU using the following formula:

T = Td * (Vs + Vd) / Vs

Example:

• Dilute 20 ml of the original sample (whose turbidity is above 1000 NTU) with 50 ml of dilution water.

• Measure the turbidity of the diluted sample.

• If the reading is 300 NTU, the turbidity of the original sample is 1050 NTU. (In this case: Td=300 NTU, Vs=20ml, Vd=50ml, so T = 300 * (20+50) / 20 = 300*70/20 = 21000/20 = 1050)