CASIO FX-300MS (02) PDF DOCUMENT

When using your CASIO FX-300MS, please note the following regarding the sample operations:

Sample operations in this manual are performed with the calculator in its initial default setup. See “Initializing the Calculator” to return the calculator to its initial default setup.

The sample operations in this manual that are marked with (fx-82MS PLUS/fx-85MS PLUS/fx-220 PLUS) can be performed in any mode besides the BASE-N Mode. Some sample operations may not be performable on some calculator models.

Perform the following procedure when you want to initialize the calculator, which returns the calculation mode to COMP and clears all other settings, including setup and memory data, to their initial defaults.

1. Press `SHIFT` `CLR` (CLR is above the `MODE` key).

2. Press `3` (All) ` = ` (Yes).

Battery

Keep batteries out of the reach of small children.

Use only the type of battery specified for this calculator in this manual.

The figures on the display of the calculator indicate that battery power is low. Continued use of the calculator when the low battery indicator is on the display may result in improper operation. Replace the battery as soon as possible when the low battery indicator appears. Be sure to replace the battery at least once every two years (fx-85MS PLUS) or three years (fx-82MS PLUS/fx-220 PLUS/fx-300MS/fx-350MS), regardless of whether the low battery indicator appears on the display. An expired battery can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator. Never leave an expired battery in the calculator.

The battery that comes with the calculator discharges slightly during shipment and storage. Because of this, it may require replacement sooner than the normal expected battery life.

Do not use a nickel-based primary battery with this product. Incompatibility between such batteries and product specifications can result in shorter battery life and product malfunction.

Avoid use and storage in areas subjected to extreme temperatures, and large amounts of humidity and dust.

Do not subject the calculator to excessive impact, pressure, or bending.

Never try to take the calculator apart.

Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the exterior of the calculator.

Whenever discarding the calculator or batteries, be sure to do so in accordance with the laws and regulations in your particular area.

Before using the calculator, slide its hard case downwards to remove it, and then affix the hard case to the back of the calculator as shown in the illustration in the manual.

Press `AC ON` to turn on the calculator.

Press `SHIFT` `AC` (OFF) to turn off the calculator.

Auto Power Off

Your calculator will turn off automatically if you do not perform any operation for about six minutes.

1. Press the `MODE` key a few times until you reach the setup screen shown below.

2. Press `▷`.

3. Use `▷` (to make darker) and `◁` (to make lighter) to adjust the contrast.

4. After the setting is the way you want, press `AC`.

Important: If adjusting display contrast does not improve display readability, it probably means that battery power is low. Replace the battery.

You must enter the correct mode before beginning a calculation. Press the `MODE` key to see the mode selection screen. The mode indicator appears in the upper part of the display.

Note: The initial default calculation mode is the COMP Mode.

Pressing the `MODE` key more than once displays additional setup screens. The underlined settings are initial defaults.

Specifying the Angle Unit (Deg/Rad/Gra):

Specifying the Number of Display Digits (Fix/Sci/Norm):

Fix: The value you specify (from 0 to 9) controls the number of decimal places for displayed calculation results. The calculation result is rounded off to the specified digit before it is displayed. Example: 100 ÷ 7 = 14.286 (Fix 3).

Sci: The value you specify (from 1 to 10) controls the number of significant digits for displayed calculation results. The calculation result is rounded off to the specified digit before being displayed. Example: 1 ÷ 7 = 1.4286 × 10^-1 (Sci 5).

Norm: Selecting one of the two available settings (Norm 1, Norm 2) determines the range in which results will be displayed in non-exponential format.

• Norm 1: Exponential format is used for integer values with more than 10 digits and for decimal values with more than two decimal places.
• Norm 2: Exponential format is used for integer values with more than 10 digits and for decimal values with more than nine decimal places.

Specifying the Display Format (Disp): This setting lets you specify whether a calculation result is displayed as a fraction or decimal, or in engineering notation.

Your calculator can hold a maximum of 79 “steps” for a single calculation. A step is taken each time you press a number key or an arithmetic operator key. Pressing `SHIFT` or `ALPHA` followed by another key does not count as a step. When you input the 73rd step of any calculation, the cursor changes from “_” to “■” to let you know memory is running low. If you need to input a calculation that is longer than 79 steps, you need to break it into two or more parts.

Calculation Priority Sequence:

The priority of input expressions is evaluated as follows:

1st: Function with parenthesis: Pol(, Rec(, sin(, cos(, tan(, sin^-1(, cos^-1(, tan^-1(, sinh(, cosh(, tanh(, sinh^-1(, cosh^-1(, tanh^-1(, log(, ln(, e^x(, 10^x(, √(, ³√(, Abs(

2nd: Functions preceded by a value: x², x³, x^-1, x!, °’ ”, ENG symbol, angle unit °, ^r, ^g

3rd: Power and roots: ^, ^x√

4th: Fractions

5th: Implied multiplication of π, e (natural logarithm base), memory, or variable (2π, 5A, πA, etc.)

6th: Functions with implied multiplication: Two functions with no parenthesis between them, like 2√3. Note that for functions like sin, cos, etc., the multiplication symbol must be included after the function, e.g., sin(30) × 2, not sin 30 × 2.

7th: nPr, nCr, <<, >>

8th: Implied multiplication of A type functions (y, r), B-type functions (ŷ, x̂), and C-type functions (x̂1, x̂2)

9th: Multiplication, division (×, ÷)

10th: Addition, subtraction (+, -)

Correcting and Clearing an Expression:

Press `DEL` to delete the character at the current cursor position.

Press `AC` to clear the entire calculation you are inputting. Pressing `AC` does not clear replay memory.

The Replay function lets you recall past calculations. After you get a calculation result, you can press `◀` or `▶` to edit the expression you used for the previous calculation.

Pressing `▲` recalls the previous calculation. Once a calculation is recalled, you can use `◀` and `▶` to move the cursor and make changes. Press `AC` to return to the latest calculation result screen.

Note: Calculation history contents are cleared whenever you turn off the calculator, change to a different calculation mode, or initialize the calculator.

Fraction Calculations

Use the `d/c` key to input fractions. To input a mixed fraction like 1 1/2, you would press `1` `d/c` `1` `d/c` `2` ` = `.

Calculation results are displayed as fractions whenever the total number of digits in the mixed fraction (integer, numerator, denominator, and separator marks) does not exceed 10. Results that exceed this limit are automatically displayed in decimal format.

To switch a calculation result between fraction and decimal format, press the `d/c` key.

To switch between mixed fraction and improper fraction format, press `SHIFT` `d/c` (d/c ↔ ab/c).

Percent Calculations

To calculate a percentage of a number: `150` `×` `20` `SHIFT` `%` ` = ` (Calculates 20% of 150).

To calculate a percentage increase (markup): `2500` `+` `2500` `×` `15` `SHIFT` `%` ` = ` (Increases 2500 by 15%).

To calculate a percentage decrease (discount): `3500` `-` `3500` `×` `25` `SHIFT` `%` ` = ` (Discounts 3500 by 25%).

Degree, Minute, Second (Sexagesimal) Calculations

You can perform calculations using sexagesimal values (degrees, minutes, seconds). You can also convert between sexagesimal and decimal values.

To input 2°20’30”, press `2` `°’ ”` `20` `°’ ”` `30` `°’ ”`.

To add two sexagesimal values, such as 2°20’30” + 39’30”, input them using the `°’ ”` key and add them: `2` `°’ ”` `20` `°’ ”` `30` `°’ ”` `+` `0` `°’ ”` `39` `°’ ”` `30` `°’ ”` ` = `.

To convert a decimal value to sexagesimal, press `SHIFT` `°’ ”` (←°’ ”).

To convert a sexagesimal value to decimal, input the sexagesimal value and press `°’ ”`.

You can use the colon character (:) to connect two or more expressions and execute them in sequence from left to right when you press ` = `.

For example, to execute 3 + 3 followed by 3 × 3, you would input: `ALPHA` `:` `3` `×` `3` ` = `.

Note: Inputting a colon requires pressing `ALPHA` and then the key for `:`, which is located with the `x³` function.

A simple key operation transforms a displayed value to engineering notation.

To transform the value 1234 to engineering notation, shifting the decimal point to the right, you would perform the following:

1. Input `1234` ` = `.

2. Press `ENG`. The display will show 1.234×10³.

3. Press `ENG` again to shift the decimal point further right. The display will show 1234.×10⁰.

To shift the decimal point to the left, press `SHIFT` `ENG` (←).

In the COMP Mode, the calculator has a calculation history feature that stores up to 150 bytes of data for the newest calculation. You can scroll through calculation history contents using `▲` and `▼`.

Example:

1 + 1 = 2

2 + 2 = 4

3 + 3 = 6

When you press `▲` after the last calculation, you can scroll back through the previous results (6, 4, 2).

Note: Calculation history data is all cleared whenever you turn off the calculator, when you change to another calculation mode, or whenever you perform an initialization operation.

The last calculation result obtained is stored in Ans (Answer) memory. The contents of Ans memory are updated whenever a new calculation result is displayed.

To use the contents of Ans memory in a calculation, press the `Ans` key. For example, to divide the result of 3 × 4 by 30:

1. Perform the calculation `3` `×` `4` ` = `. Result 12 is stored in Ans memory.

2. Press `Ans` `÷` `30` ` = `.

Your calculator has eight preset variables named A, B, C, D, E, F, X, and Y.

To assign a value to a variable:

Press `SHIFT` `RCL` (STO) followed by the key for the variable name you want to assign. For example, to assign the result of 193.2 to variable A:

1. Input `193.2` `SHIFT` `STO` `A` (A is on the `(-)` key).

To recall the contents of a variable:

Press `RCL` followed by the key for the variable name. For example, to recall the contents of variable A:

`RCL` `A`

To clear the contents of a variable:

Assign 0 to the variable. For example, to clear variable A:

`0` `SHIFT` `STO` `A`

You can add calculation results to or subtract results from independent memory. The “M” indicator appears on the display when there is any value other than zero stored in independent memory.

To clear the contents of M:

Press `0` `SHIFT` `STO` `M+` (M). This clears M.

To add a result to M:

Input the value or expression, then press `M+`. For example, to add the result of 10 × 5 to M:

`10` `×` `5` `M+`

To subtract a result from M:

Input the value or expression, then press `SHIFT` `M+` (M-). For example, to subtract the result of 10 + 5 from M:

`10` `+` `5` `SHIFT` `M-`

To recall the contents of M:

Press `RCL` `M+` (M).

Note: Variable M is used for independent memory. Independent memory and variable contents are retained even if you press `AC`, or turn off the calculator. Perform the “Initializing the Calculator” procedure to clear all memory.

The CASIO FX-300MS can perform a wide range of function calculations:

Trigonometric, Inverse Trigonometric, Hyperbolic, and Inverse Hyperbolic Functions:

Use keys like `sin`, `cos`, `tan`, and their inverse functions `sin⁻¹`, `cos⁻¹`, `tan⁻¹` (accessed with `SHIFT`). Be sure to set the correct angle unit (Degrees, Radians, or Grads) before starting.

Logarithmic, Exponential, Power, and Root Functions:

Use keys like `log`, `ln`, `10ˣ`, `eˣ`, `x²`, `x³`, `x⁻¹`, `^` (power), `√` (square root), `³√` (cube root), and `ˣ√` (x-th root).

Coordinate Conversion (Pol, Rec):

Use `Pol(` to convert rectangular coordinates (x, y) to polar coordinates (r, θ), and `Rec(` to convert polar coordinates to rectangular.

For example, to convert rectangular coordinates (√2, √2) to polar: `SHIFT` `Pol(` `√` `2` ` ` `SHIFT` `,` `√` `2` `)` ` = `. The result for r will be displayed. To see θ, press `RCL` `F`.

Factorial Function (!):

To calculate a factorial, enter the number and then press `SHIFT` `x⁻¹` (!). Example: `5` `SHIFT` `!` ` = ` to calculate 5!

Random Number (Ran#):

Press `SHIFT` `.` (Ran#) ` = ` to generate a 3-digit pseudo-random number that is less than 1.

Permutation (nPr) and Combination (nCr):

Use these functions to calculate the number of possible permutations or combinations.

Example: To determine the number of permutations for selecting 4 people from a group of 10: `10` `SHIFT` `nPr` `4` ` = `.

Example: To determine the number of combinations for selecting 4 people from a group of 10: `10` `SHIFT` `nCr` `4` ` = `.

Starting a Statistical Calculation:

1. Press `MODE` `2` (SD) for single-variable statistical calculations or `MODE` `3` (REG) for paired-variable regression calculations.

2. In REG mode, a screen will appear to select the type of regression:

– Lin (Linear regression)

– Log (Logarithmic regression)

– Exp (Exponential regression)

– Pwr (Power regression)

– Inv (Inverse regression)

– Quad (Quadratic regression)

3. Always start by clearing statistical memory: Press `SHIFT` `CLR` `1` (Scl) ` = `.

Inputting Data:

Use the following key sequence to input data:

– Single-variable data: `` `DT`

– Paired-variable data: `` `,` `` `DT`

The `DT` key is the `M+` key. The value `n` on the display shows how many data items you have input so far.

To input the same data multiple times, use the format `` `SHIFT` `;` `` `DT`.

Data Input Precautions:

While inputting data, you can use `AC` to clear the current entry. You can recall and edit input data using `▲` and `▼`. To delete a data value you recalled, press `SHIFT` `DT` (CL).

Obtaining Statistical Values from Input Data:

After inputting your data, press the `AC` key to exit data input. Then use the following keys to recall various statistical values:

– `SHIFT` `S-SUM` (on key `1`) to access sums like Σx², Σx, etc.

– `SHIFT` `S-VAR` (on key `2`) to access variables like mean (x̄), population standard deviation (xσn), sample standard deviation (xσn-1), etc.

For regression calculations (REG mode), you can also obtain regression coefficients (A, B, C) and the correlation coefficient (r).

Calculating Estimated Values (REG Mode):

Based on the regression formula, you can calculate estimated values for y (ŷ) for a given x-value, and estimated values for x (x̂) for a given y-value.

For example, to determine the estimate value for y when x = 160 in a linear regression: `160` `SHIFT` `S-VAR` `▷` `▷` `2` (ŷ) ` = `.

Calculation Range and Precision

Number of Digits for Internal Calculation: 12 digits

Precision: In general, ±1 at the 10th digit for a single calculation. Precision for exponential display is ±1 at the least significant digit. Errors are cumulative in the case of consecutive calculations.

Calculation Input Ranges:

Errors are cumulative and tend to become large in the vicinity of a function’s singular point and inflection point. The calculation range is ±1 × 10⁻⁹⁹ to ±9.999999999 × 10⁹⁹ or 0.

The display of an error message indicates that a problem has occurred. Press `◀` or `▶` to return to the calculation screen. The cursor will be positioned at the location of the error, ready for input. Edit the expression as necessary.

MATH ERROR

Cause: The intermediate or final result of the calculation you are performing exceeds the allowable calculation range. Your input exceeds the allowable input range. You are performing an illegal mathematical operation (such as division by zero).

Action: Check the input values and make sure they are within the allowable range. Pay special attention to values in any memory areas you are using.

STACK ERROR

Cause: The calculation you are performing has caused the capacity of the numeric stack or the command stack to be exceeded.

Action: Simplify the calculation expression. Try splitting the calculation into two or more parts.

SYNTAX ERROR

Cause: There is a problem with the format of the calculation you are performing.

Action: Make necessary corrections.

ARGUMENT ERROR

Cause: Improper use of an argument.

Action: Make necessary corrections.

Perform the following steps whenever an error occurs during a calculation or when calculation results are not what you expected. Note that you should make separate copies of important data before performing these steps.

1. Check the calculation expression to make sure it does not contain any errors.

2. Make sure that you are using the correct mode for the type of calculation you are trying to perform.

3. If the above steps do not correct your problem, press the `AC ON` key.

4. Initialize all modes and settings. See “Initializing the Calculator” for details.

Replacing the battery causes all of the calculator’s memory contents to be deleted.

1. Press `SHIFT` `AC` (OFF) to turn off the calculator.

2. Remove the single screw that secures the battery cover in place, and then remove the battery cover.

3. Remove the old battery.

4. Wipe a new battery with a dry cloth, and then load it into the calculator with its plus (+) and minus (-) ends facing correctly.

5. Replace the cover.

6. Initialize the calculator. See “Initializing the Calculator” for details. Do not skip this above step!