SHARP PC-1402 (01) PDF Document

Your SHARP PC-1402 incorporates many advanced capabilities:

SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR: The SHARP PC-1402 operates as both a scientific calculator and a pocket computer, incorporating 59 programmed scientific functions plus BASIC command keys for simple programming.

MEMORY SAFE GUARD: The PC-1402 remembers stored programs and variables even when you turn it off.

PORTABILITY: It is battery-powered for true portability.

AUTO POWER OFF: This function conserves the batteries by turning the power off if no activity takes place within a specified time limit.

EXPANDED BASIC: It features an expanded version of BASIC which provides formatted output, two-dimensional arrays, variable length strings, and many other advanced features.

OPTIONAL INTERFACE: An optional printer/cassette interface (Model CE-126P) allows you to have “hard-copies” of programs and data and lets you connect a cassette recorder to store programs and data.

When the SHARP PC-1402 is not being used, you should mount the hard cover on the operation panel of the computer.

To use the computer, remove the hard cover by sliding it off as shown in the instruction manual.

The SHARP PC-1402 system consists of:

• 76-character keyboard.

• 16-character display.

• Powerful BASIC in 40 K Bytes ROM.

• 8-bit CMOS processor.

• 10.2K Bytes RAM.

• Option: CE-126P Printer/Cassette Interface.

To turn your SHARP PC-1402 on, set the POWER switch in the upper left corner of the computer to the ON position.

You will see the initial information in the display, which typically shows “DEG” and “0.”. A dash (-) indicator in the lower left area of the display shows the mode which the computer is now set. When first turned on, it functions as a calculator, and a dash indicator appears above the CAL (CALculator) label.

The SHARP PC-1402 has three different modes:

CAL mode: In this mode, you can use your computer just like a calculator.

RUN mode: In this mode, you can execute your program or perform manual calculations using BASIC commands.

PRO mode: This mode allows you to store your program into the computer or correct/amend a stored program.

Switching between these modes is done using the green CAL and BASIC keys.

• When you turn the computer on, it starts in CAL mode.

• Pressing the BASIC key when in CAL mode switches to RUN mode.

• Pressing the BASIC key again when in RUN mode switches to PRO mode.

• Pressing the BASIC key alternately selects RUN and PRO modes.

• To return to the CAL mode from either RUN or PRO mode, press the CAL key.

The selected mode is identified with a dash (-) indicator displayed just above the CAL, RUN, or PRO label in the lower left area of the display.

In RUN and PRO modes, you can use the full keyboard for calculations and programming.

• If you press an alphabet or number key, the item denoted on the key will be entered.

• To enter a character or symbol denoted in brown above each key, press the yellow SHIFT key before operating the key.

The SHIFT key is used to enter the characters or symbols labeled in brown above each key that has two or three functions. If you repeatedly press the SHIFT key, the SHIFT symbol in the top of the display will go on and off. The SHIFT symbol indicates that the SHIFT key is activated and the characters labeled in brown can be entered.

The RESET button is used to reset the computer when C-CE or CA is not sufficient to correct a problem. There are two ways to use it:

1. To preserve programs and variables: If the computer is unresponsive, hold down any key on the keyboard and simultaneously press the RESET button on the back. This preserves all programs and variables.

2. To clear all programs and data: If you get no response from any key even after performing the operation above, push the RESET button without holding down any key. This operation will clear the programs and data, so do not press the RESET button without any key except when necessary.

Note: Press the ALL RESET button with a pointed object like a ball-point pen. Do not use easily broken points such as mechanical pencils or the tips of needles.

The Contrast Control is located on the right side of the SHARP PC-1402. To adjust the display:

• Turn the control in the direction of the arrow for a clearer display.

• Turn it in the opposite direction for a dimmer display.

Adjust it so that the display is easy to see.

The SHARP PC-1402 operates on two Lithium cells (type CR-2032). When the display is dim and hard to see even after adjusting the contrast control, it indicates the cell power is consumed and you should replace the cells promptly.

Follow these cautionary instructions:

• Always replace both of the cells at the same time.

• Do not mix a new cell with a used cell.

• Use only: Lithium cell (type CR-2032), two required.

Installation Steps:

1. Turn off the computer by setting the power slide switch to the OFF position.

2. Remove the screws from the back cover with a small screwdriver.

3. Remove the cell cover by sliding it in the direction of the arrow.

4. Replace the two cells, ensuring the correct polarity (+/-) as shown in the battery compartment.

5. Replace the cell cover by sliding it in the reverse direction of the arrow.

6. Hook the claws of the back cover into the slits of the computer proper.

7. Push the back cover in slightly while replacing the screws.

8. Turn on the computer by setting the power slide switch to the ON position and press the RESET button to clear the computer. The display should show “DEG” and “0.”.

NOTE: Keeping a dead cell in the computer may result in damage from solvent leakage. Remove a dead cell promptly.

CAUTION: Keep cells out of reach of children.

To conserve battery wear, the SHARP PC-1402 automatically powers down when no keys have been pressed for about 10 minutes. The computer will not AUTO OFF while you are executing a program.

To restart the computer after an AUTO OFF, press the ON/BRK key located at the right hand side of the green keys.

The symbols and status marks in the display have the following meanings:

SHIFT: This word appears when the SHIFT key is activated, indicating that key functions identified by brown labels can be selected.

HYP: This word appears when the hyp key is pressed, indicating a hyperbolic function has been selected. If SHIFT and hyp are pressed, “SHIFT HYP” appears, indicating an inverse hyperbolic function has been selected.

DEG RAD GRAD: These words are selected sequentially each time the SHIFT and DRG keys are operated. They indicate the angular units for trigonometric functions: DEG (degree), RAD (radian), GRAD (grad).

( ): This symbol appears when parentheses are used in a calculation.

M: This symbol appears when numeric data other than zero is stored in the calculation memory.

E: This symbol appears if an error has occurred. The error can be cleared by operating the C-CE key.

STAT: A dash (-) indicator appears just above the STAT label when the computer is in the statistical calculation mode.

CAL: A dash (-) indicator is displayed just above the CAL label, indicating that the computer is in the CAL mode.

First, ensure your SHARP PC-1402 is in CAL mode. Multiplication and division have priority over addition and subtraction.

Addition and Subtraction:

Use the + and – keys. For example, to calculate 12 + 45.6 – 32.1, key in `12 + 45.6 – 32.1 =`.

Multiplication and Division:

Use the X and ÷ keys. For example, to calculate 841 x 586, key in `841 X 586 =`.

Constant Calculations:

• For constant multiplication, the first number entered is the constant. Key in `3 X 5 =` to get 15. Then key in `10 =` to calculate 10 x 3, which results in 30.

• For constant division, the number entered after the division sign is the constant. Key in `15 ÷ 3 =` to get 5. Then key in `30 =` to calculate 30 ÷ 3, which results in 10.

Memory Calculations:

The independently accessible memory is indicated by three keys: X-M, RM, and M+. Before starting, clear the memory by pressing C-CE then X-M.

• M+ (Add to memory): Adds the displayed value to the memory. Example: `12 + 5 M+` stores 17 in memory.

• Subtract from memory: Use +/- then M+. Example: `2 + 5 +/- M+` subtracts 7 from the current memory value.

• RM (Recall memory): Recalls the value from memory to the display.

• X-M (Store to memory): Stores the displayed value in memory, replacing the previous value. Example: `12 X 2 = X-M` stores 24 in memory.

Note: Memory calculations are not possible in STAT mode.

To perform scientific calculations in CAL mode, first set the desired angular mode (DEG, RAD, GRAD) using the SHIFT and DRG keys.

Trigonometric Functions: Enter the number then the function key (sin, cos, tan). Example: `30 sin` calculates the sine of 30 degrees.

Inverse Trigonometric Functions: Enter the number, press SHIFT, then the function key (sin-1, cos-1, tan-1). Example: `.5 SHIFT sin-1` calculates the arcsin of 0.5.

Hyperbolic Functions: Press hyp, then the function key. Example: `4 hyp sin` calculates the hyperbolic sine of 4.

Power Functions (x² and y^x): Use the x² key for squares and the yx key for other powers. Example for 3⁴: `3 yx 4 =`.

Roots (√, ³√, x√y): Use the √ key for square roots. For cube roots and other roots, use the SHIFT key combinations. Example for the fourth root of 81: `81 SHIFT x√y 4 =`.

Logarithmic Functions (ln, log): Use the ln key for natural logarithms and the log key for common logarithms. Example: `173 log`.

Exponential Functions (e^x, 10^x): Use SHIFT and ex for e to the power of x, and SHIFT and 10x for 10 to the power of x. Example: `3.0445 SHIFT ex`.

Factorial (n!): Enter the number and press SHIFT then n!. Example: `69 SHIFT n!`.

Percent Calculations: Use the SHIFT and 4% key. Example for 45% of 2780: `2780 X 45 SHIFT 4%`.

Angle/Time Conversions: Use the DEG key to convert degrees/minutes/seconds to decimal, and SHIFT and -D.MS to convert decimal to degrees/minutes/seconds.

Coordinate Conversions: Use SHIFT and ->rθ to convert rectangular (x, y) to polar (r, θ), and SHIFT and ->xy to convert polar to rectangular.

Using Parentheses:

The parentheses keys ( and ) are used to group operations to override the standard priority of algebra. Calculations within the inner-most set of parentheses are calculated first. You can use up to 15 levels of parentheses.

Example: To calculate 126 ÷ [(3+4) x (3-1)], key in `126 ÷ ( ( 3 + 4 ) X ( 3 – 1 ) ) =`.

Setting Decimal Places (TAB function):

The SHIFT and TAB keys are used to specify the number of decimal digits in the calculation result.

• To set a fixed number of decimal places, press SHIFT, TAB, then a number key (0-9). For example, `SHIFT TAB 2` sets the display to 2 decimal places.

• To clear the decimal place setting and return to the floating decimal point system, press SHIFT, TAB, then the `.` key.

The SHARP PC-1402 can convert numbers between decimal and hexadecimal and perform calculations in hexadecimal (HEX) mode.

Decimal to Hex Conversion:

To convert a decimal number to hex, enter the decimal number and press the -HEX key. The display will show the hexadecimal equivalent and the “HEX” symbol.

Example: `30 -HEX` results in `1E. HEX`.

Hex to Decimal Conversion:

To convert a hexadecimal number to decimal, first enter Hex mode by pressing -HEX. Enter the hex number (using keys A-F for values 10-15) and press SHIFT then -DEC. The display will show the decimal equivalent and the “HEX” symbol will disappear.

Example: `C-CE -HEX 2 B C SHIFT -DEC` results in `700`.

Hexadecimal Calculation:

After entering HEX mode (press -HEX), you can perform arithmetic operations. The computer ignores all fractional parts in HEX mode.

Example: `A4 + B A =` results in `15E. HEX`.

Important Points for Hex Calculation:

• The decimal point key is meaningless.

• An intermediate result with a fractional part will cause an error.

• The +/- key can be used to obtain a two’s complement of the hex number.

• Hex calculations cannot be performed in Statistic (STAT) mode.

To perform statistical calculations, you must first enter the statistical mode.

Entering STAT Mode:

In CAL mode, press SHIFT and STAT (located under the C-CE key). A dash (-) indicator will appear above the “STAT” label in the display.

Clearing Data: To clear previous statistical inputs, reset the statistical calculation mode (turn it off and on again). Otherwise, new data will be added to the old, leading to incorrect answers.

One-Variable Statistics:

1. Enter the data value, then press DATA. The display shows the number of samples entered.

2. To enter the same data multiple times, enter the value, press X, enter the frequency, then press DATA.

3. To retrieve results, press SHIFT followed by the desired statistic key (e.g., x̄ for mean, Sx for standard deviation).

Two-Variable Statistics and Linear Regression:

1. To enter a pair of data (x, y), key in the x-value, press the (x,y) key, key in the y-value, then press DATA.

2. To retrieve results, use the SHIFT key combinations for statistics like correlation coefficient (r), y-intercept (a), and slope (b).

Correcting Data (CD): If you make an error on the last entry, you can correct it. Re-enter the incorrect data (value and frequency if applicable), then press SHIFT and CD. Then, enter the correct data.

Note: While in STAT mode, memory calculation, calculations with parentheses, coordinate conversion, and hexadecimal functions cannot be performed.

For four arithmetic calculations, the 1st operand, 2nd operand, and calculation result range is ±1 x 10⁻⁹⁹ to ±9.999999999 x 10⁹⁹ and 0.

The dynamic ranges for scientific functions are as follows:

For accuracy, the error is typically ±1 at the 10th digit. However, accuracy may decrease around singular points and inflection points of functions.

Manual calculation in the BASIC mode differs from CAL mode. Press the BASIC key to enter RUN or PRO mode.

Performing Calculations:

• Use an asterisk (*) for multiplication and a slash (/) for division.

• To get the result, press the ENTER key instead of the = key.

Recalling and Editing Entries:

After a calculation, you can redisplay your last entry to edit it.

• The left arrow (ᐊ) recalls the expression with the cursor positioned after the last character.

• The right arrow (ᐅ) recalls the expression with the cursor positioned on top of the first character.

Once recalled, you can use the arrow keys to move the cursor.

• Replacing a character: Move the flashing cursor over the character and type the new one. The original is replaced.

• Inserting a character: Move the cursor to the character BEFORE which you wish to insert. Press SHIFT then INS. A bracketed open slot appears. Type the new character.

• Deleting a character: Position the cursor “on top of” the character to be deleted. Press SHIFT then DEL. The character is deleted, and characters to the right shift left.

If you get an ERROR 1 message (syntax error), use the arrow keys to recall the entry. The flashing cursor will indicate where the computer got confused, allowing you to correct the error.

Using Variables:

You can store up to 26 fixed numeric variables (A to Z). To assign a value, use an Assignment Statement like `R = 45000 – 7425` and press ENTER. To see the value of a variable, type its letter (e.g., `R`) and press ENTER. You can then use this variable in other calculations, like `R * .60`.

Variables retain their values even when the machine is turned off. They are lost only when you assign a new value, type `CLEAR` ENTER, use the ALL RESET button, or change the batteries.

Serial Calculations:

You can use the result of one calculation as the first part of the next calculation without retyping it. Simply begin the new calculation with an operator. For example, after getting a result of 45000, typing `* .15` will calculate 45000 * .15.

Chained Calculations:

You can perform several calculations on one line, separated by commas. Only the result of the final calculation is displayed. The maximum line length is 80 characters, including ENTER.

Example: `R = .85 * 45000, R * .60` first calculates a new value for R, then uses that new value to calculate R * .60, displaying only the final result.

The SHARP PC-1402 can “remember” the last answer from a manual calculation. You can recall this result and place it anywhere in a new calculation.

1. Perform a calculation, for example `50 / 8` ENTER, which results in 6.25.

2. To recall this last answer (6.25), press the up (↑) or down (↓) arrow key. The value “6.25” will appear on the display.

3. You can now build a new formula around this value. For example, you could type `12 * 5 /` then press ↓ to insert 6.25, then continue the formula `+ 24 * 3 /` and press ↓ again to insert 6.25.

The last answer can be recalled anytime and anywhere in a formula but will be replaced with a new last answer from the next calculation. It is not cleared by the C-CE key.

To perform scientific functions in BASIC mode, you must press ENTER at the end of the input. Functions can be entered using their dedicated keys or by typing their alphabetic name. For trigonometric functions, the angular unit (DEGREE, RADIAN, GRAD) must be specified in advance, either by using SHIFT DRG or by entering the command (e.g., `DEGREE` ENTER).

The following table lists the available functions:

Example: To calculate tan(π/4) in radian mode, enter `RADIAN` ENTER, then `TAN (PI/4)` ENTER.

The internal order of priority for operations in manual calculation in BASIC mode is as follows:

1) Recalling variables or π.

2) Function (sin, cos, etc.)

3) Power (^) or power root (ROT)

4) Sign (+, -)

5) Multiplication or division (*, /)

6) Addition or subtraction (+, -)

7) Comparison of magnitude (>, >=, <, <=, <>)

8) Logical AND, OR

Notes:

• Operations within parentheses have the highest priority.

• Composite functions are operated from right to left (e.g., sin cos⁻¹ 0.6).

• Chained power (e.g., 3^4^2) or power root are operated from right to left.

• For items 3) and 4), the last entry has a higher priority (e.g., -2^4 is treated as -(2⁴)).

To start programming, you need to be in the PROgram mode.

1. Set the POWER SWITCH to the ON position.

2. Press the BASIC key until the dash indicator is above the PRO label. This may take one or two presses depending on the current mode.

3. It’s good practice to clear the memory of any existing programs. Enter the `NEW` command and press ENTER. A prompt (>) will appear, indicating the computer is awaiting input.

4. You can now enter your program line by line. Each line must start with a unique line number (e.g., 10, 20, 30…).

Example of entering a program line:

Input: `10 PRINT “HELLO”`

Press ENTER. The display will show `10:PRINT “HELLO”`. The computer automatically adds the colon (:) after the line number.

To run the program, switch to RUN mode by pressing the BASIC key, type `RUN`, and press ENTER.

To edit a program, you must be in the PROgram mode.

1. Recall the program line: Use the Up Arrow (↑) and Down Arrow (↓) to scroll through your program lines. The ↑ key will recall the last line executed or the line where an error occurred. You can also use the `LIST` command to see your program.

2. Edit the line: Once a line is displayed, you can edit it just like a manual calculation entry.

• Use the left (ᐊ) and right (ᐅ) arrows to move the cursor within the line.

• To replace a character, move the cursor over it and type the new character.

• To insert, move the cursor to the character before the desired insertion point, press SHIFT and INS, then type the new character(s).

• To delete, move the cursor over the character and press SHIFT and DEL.

3. Enter the correction: After you have finished editing the line, press ENTER to store the corrected line in the program.

4. Delete an entire line: To delete a line completely, simply type its line number and press ENTER.

Programs remain in memory on your SHARP PC-1402 even when you turn it off, it undergoes an AUTO OFF, or you use the BRK, C-CE, or CA keys.

Programs are lost from memory only when you perform one of the following actions:

• You enter the `NEW` command before beginning programming.

• You initialize the computer using the ALL RESET button (without holding another key down).

• You create a new program line using the SAME LINE NUMBER as a line in a program already in memory (the old line is replaced).

• You change the batteries.

The DEF key allows you to label programs with a letter and execute them with only two keystrokes, instead of typing `RUN` followed by a line number.

1. Label the program: On the first line of the program you want to label, add a label consisting of a single character in quotes, followed by a colon. The character must be one of the keys in the last two rows of the alphabetic keyboard (A, S, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, ;, Z, X, C, V, B, N, M, SPC).

Example Program:

`10: “A”: PRINT “FIRST”`

`20: END`

`80: “B”: PRINT “SECOND”`

`90: END`

2. Execute the program: To run a labeled program, press the DEF key and then the letter used as the label. In the example above, pressing DEF then the ‘B’ key would cause “SECOND” to appear on the display.

A template is provided with the SHARP PC-1402 to help you remember your frequently used DEF key assignments.

With the optional CE-126P Printer/Cassette Interface connected, you can print manual calculations and program output.

Printing Manual Calculations:

1. Ensure you are in RUN mode.

2. Press the SHIFT key and then the ENTER key (P<->NP). A dash symbol will appear above the “PRINT” label on the display, indicating the printer is active.

3. When you now perform a calculation and press ENTER, the calculation will be printed on one line and the result will be printed on the next.

Note: This feature does not work in CAL mode, nor for results obtained via the direct calculation feature.

Printing from BASIC Programs:

• LPRINT Statement: Use the `LPRINT` statement in your program to send output to the printer instead of the display. It is used in the same way as the `PRINT` statement.

• PRINT=LPRINT Statement: You can convert all `PRINT` statements in a program to act like `LPRINT` statements by including a `PRINT=LPRINT` line. To revert to normal operation, use a `PRINT=PRINT` statement.

• LLIST Command: To get a printed listing of your program, use the `LLIST` command. You can list the entire program (`LLIST`) or specify a range of line numbers (`LLIST 10-50`).

Using the CE-126P interface, you can connect a cassette recorder to store and load programs and data.

Connecting the Recorder:

Only three connections are necessary from the CE-126P to the cassette recorder:

1. Connect the red plug into the MICrophone jack.

2. Connect the gray plug into the EARphone jack.

3. Connect the black plug into the REMote jack.

Cassette Recorder Requirements:

While the optional Sharp CE-152 is recommended, other recorders may be used if they meet the following minimum specifications:

If you run your BASIC program on the SHARP PC-1402 and get an error message, follow these steps:

1. Go back to the PROgram mode and use the up or down arrow keys to recall the line with the error. The cursor will be positioned at the place in the line where the computer got confused.

2. If you can’t find an obvious error in how the line is written, the problem may be with the values being used. For example, CHR$ (A) will produce an error if A has a value of 1 because CHR$ (1) is an illegal character. Check the values of the variables in either the RUN or the PROgram mode by typing in the name of the variable followed by ENTER.

If your SHARP PC-1402 program runs but the output is incorrect, try these debugging steps:

1. Check through the program line by line using LIST and the arrow keys to ensure you have entered the program correctly.

2. Think about each line as if you were the computer. Use sample values and trace the operations in each line to see if you get the expected result.

3. Insert one or more extra PRINT statements in your program to display key values and locations. This helps isolate the parts of the program that are working correctly and find the location of the error. You can also use STOP to temporarily halt execution at critical points to examine variables.

4. Use TRON and TROFF, either as commands or directly within the program, to trace the flow of the program through individual lines. This allows you to stop and examine the contents of critical variables at crucial points.

To ensure trouble-free operation of your SHARP PC-1402, we recommend the following:

• Always handle the pocket computer carefully as the liquid crystal display is made of glass.

• Keep the computer in an area free from extreme temperature changes, moisture, or dust. During warm weather, vehicles left in direct sunlight are subject to high temperature build up. Prolonged exposure to high temperature may cause damage to your computer.

• Use only a soft, dry cloth to clean the computer. Do not use solvents, water, or wet cloths.

• To avoid battery leakage, remove the batteries when the computer will not be in use for an extended period of time.

• If the computer is subjected to strong static electricity or external noise it may “hang up” (all keys become inoperative). If this occurs, press the ALL RESET button while holding down any key. (See Troubleshooting).

• Keep this manual for further reference.

To record (save) a program onto a magnetic tape using the SHARP PC-1402 and the optional CE-126P Printer/Cassette Interface, follow these steps:

1. Turn off the REMOTE switch on the CE-126P.

2. Enter a program or data into the Computer.

3. Load tape into the tape recorder. Determine the position on the tape where you want to record the program. When using a new tape, ensure it moves past the clear leader. If using a partially recorded tape, find a location with no recording.

4. Connect the Interface’s red plug to the tape recorder’s MIC jack and the black plug to the REM jack.

5. Turn on the REMOTE switch.

6. Simultaneously press the record and play buttons on the tape recorder to put it in record mode.

7. Input recording instructions (CSAVE statement) and press the ENTER key for execution. For example, to save a program with the filename “A”, type: CSAVE “A” and press ENTER.

8. When you press ENTER, tape motion will begin, leaving about an 8-second non-signal blank. A beep tone is recorded, followed by the file name and its contents.

9. When the recording is complete, the PROMPT symbol (>) will be displayed, and the tape recorder will automatically stop. Your program is now on tape and also remains in the Pocket Computer’s memory.

To load, transfer, or read out programs and data from magnetic tape into the SHARP PC-1402, use the following procedure:

1. Turn off the REMOTE switch on the CE-126P Interface.

2. Load tape in the tape recorder. Position the tape just before the portion to be read out.

3. Connect the gray plug to the EAR jack on the tape recorder, and the black plug to the REM jack.

4. Turn on the REMOTE switch.

5. Push the PLAY button on the tape recorder.

6. Set the VOLUME control to middle or maximum. Set Tone to maximum treble.

7. Input the transfer instruction (e.g., CLOAD statement). Put the unit into “RUN” mode. To load a file named “A”, type: CLOAD “A” and press ENTER.

8. The specified file name will be automatically searched for, and its contents will be transferred into the Pocket Computer. The mark “*” appears while loading.

9. When the program has been transferred, the computer will automatically stop the tape motion and display the PROMPT (>) symbol.

Notes:

• If an error occurs (error code “8”), start over. If it continues, adjust the volume slightly.

• If no error code appears but the tape keeps moving while “BUSY” is displayed, the transfer is improper. Press the ON/BRK key to stop the tape and repeat the steps.

After loading or saving a program, you can verify that the program on tape and the program in the SHARP PC-1402 are identical using the collation feature. This ensures everything is correct before you continue programming or execution.

1. Turn off the REMOTE switch.

2. With the cassette in the recorder, position the tape just before the appropriate file name to be checked.

3. Connect the gray plug to the EARphone jack and the black plug to the REMote jacks.

4. Turn on the REMOTE switch.

5. Press the PLAY button on the recorder.

6. Input a CLOAD? statement and start execution with the ENTER key. Set the unit to “RUN” or “PRO” mode. For a file named “A”, you would type: CLOAD? “A” and press ENTER.

The Pocket Computer will search for the file and compare its contents on tape with the contents in memory. During collation, a “*” mark is shown at the rightmost digit of the display, and it will disappear when completed. If the programs are verified as identical, a PROMPT symbol (>) will be displayed. If they differ, an Error code 8 will be displayed.

When the display format is designated with USING on your SHARP PC-1402, please note the following:

1. When the total number of columns exceeds 16 with a USING format in the PRINT expression, ERROR 7 results. For example: 10: USING “########.########” (17 columns).

2. When the integer part exceeds 8 columns with a USING format in the PRINT expression, expression, ERROR 7 results. For example: 10: USING “########.##” (9 columns for the integer part).

3. When the display contents of the form PRINT expression; expression; expression;… exceeds 16 columns, the excess part is not displayed.

4. Displaying a value converted to hexadecimal notation when a floating decimal system (exponential display) is designated with the USING statement will result in an error (ERROR 7, format error).

Note on Integer Part Columns: When the total number of columns specified in the integer part exceeds 11 including the sign digit, the excess part is ignored. Also, when the total number of columns of the integer part specified exceeds 11, this integer part is regarded as 11 digits in the PC-1401/1402.

The SHARP PC-1402 evaluates the parts of a complex expression in a sequence determined by operator priority. Operators are evaluated with the following priorities from highest to lowest:

1. Parentheses

2. Variables and Pseudovariables

3. Functions

4. Exponentiation (^), (ROT)

5. Unary minus, negative sign (-)

6. Multiplication and division (*, /)

7. Addition and subtraction (+, -)

8. Relational operators (<, <=, =, <>, >=, >)

9. Logical operators (AND, OR)

When there are two or more operators at the same priority level, the expression will be evaluated from left to right (except for exponentiation, which is evaluated from right to left). When an expression contains multiple nested parentheses, the innermost set is evaluated first, and evaluation then proceeds outward.

When using a program developed for the PC-1245 on the SHARP PC-1402, you may need to make the following modifications:

1. Value of a loop variable after a FOR-NEXT loop: The value of a loop variable after a FOR-NEXT loop completes is different. If the loop variable is used in a conditional expression, increment it by one step value on the SHARP PC-1402. For example, `10 FOR I=0 TO 10 … 50 NEXT I … 60 IF I=10 THEN 100` on a PC-1245 should be changed to `60 IF I=11 THEN 100` on the SHARP PC-1402.

2. Exponent symbol “E”: The SHARP PC-1402 uses the uppercase “E” for its exponent symbol, not “IE”. For example, `A = 1.234 IE 5` must be changed to `A = 1.234E5`. If a PC-1245 program is read from a tape file, this change will be done automatically.

3. Character Codes: The character codes (for the CHR$ function) are partially different. Refer to the following table for required changes:

Note: The SHARP PC-1402 does not have the characters ‘ (apostrophe) and IE. The PC-1245 does not have , (comma), [, and ].

When programs created for the PC-1250/1251 are executed on the SHARP PC-1402, the modifications mentioned for the PC-1245 are required, along with the following:

1. **PRINT USING Format Exceeding 16 Columns:** When the total number of columns exceeds 16 with a USING format in the PRINT expression, ERROR 7 results. Change the USING format to be within 16 columns.

2. **PRINT USING Integer Part Exceeding 8 Columns:** When the integer part exceeds 8 columns with a USING format in the PRINT expression, ERROR 7 results. Change the USING format to be within 8 columns.

3. **INPUT Message Length:** When a message of the form `INPUT “….”; A` exceeds 15 columns, the beginning part of the message is not displayed. Shorten the message.

4. **PRINT Expression Display:** When the display contents of the form `PRINT expression; expression; …` exceeds 16 columns, the excess part is not displayed. Rewrite so that it fits.

Yes, there are several additional modifications and behaviors to note when running programs from older models on the SHARP PC-1402:

1. **Line Numbers:** The PC-1245/1250/1251 series uses line numbers from 1-999 (2 bytes in RAM). The SHARP PC-1402 has an extended range from 1-65279 (3 bytes in RAM). This modification is done automatically when loading from cassette tape, but there is a possibility of memory overflow (ERROR 6) when loading or executing a long program.

2. **CHAIN and MERGE Commands:** The SHARP PC-1402 does not have CHAIN and MERGE commands as used in the PC-1245 series. Key entry is not possible. If they are loaded from a cassette tape program, these commands will be skipped during execution and displayed by the symbol “~”.

3. **Loading Delay:** When loading a PC-1245 series program from tape, the computer will remain BUSY for one to two seconds after the tape has stopped due to the line number modification. During this period, the symbol “*” will be displayed at the rightmost column.

4. **MERGE from Tape:** For programs created after a MERGE command on a PC-1245 and loaded via tape, only the first program is read in by the SHARP PC-1402.

Note: The PC-1245, PC-1250, or PC-1251 cannot read from a tape which contains programs developed for the SHARP PC-1402.